Asking and giving permission - saying something is not allowed - this uses the formative -nga- (can)
ukubhema to smoke
ukubhukuda to swim
Singabhema lapha na? may we smoke here?
To ask or indicate permission add -nga- after the subject concord eg ungahamba manje you may go now, ngingahamba manje? may I go now?
Ungebheme lapha baba You may not smoke here
father
To say you may not do something add -nge- after the subject concord and let the verb end on
-e eg ungephuze iFanta
lapha you may not drink that Fanta here, ungesale Judith you may not stay Judith
Akupakwa lapha No parking here
To say something is not allowed add the negative
formative aku- to a verb stem in passive
form (this means the verb often ends on a -wa) eg akugenwa lapha no
entry (allowed), akubheynwa lapha no
smoking allowed here, akubhukudwa lapha no
swimming allowed here
This page- www.newt.clara.co.uk/isizulu/aku.htm
6 August 2002